Adana Turkey's 4th biggest city, known for agriculture, cuisine, museums,
US Airbase
Amasya
(Amaseia) was
established by the Amazon Queen Amasis in 1200 B.C. Legend has it that the
Amazons were a society of women warriors and kept men out. Eight hundred years
later after Alexander the Great died, his general, Mithridates, moved here and
declared himself King of Pontus. The huge rock tombs are from this era. Julius Caesar said "Veni, vidi, vici" meaning, "I came, I saw, I
conquered" near Amasya towards Zile where he defeated the Pontus King in 47
B.C. Over the centuries Seljuks, Mongols, and the Ottomans conquered the area.
Amasya is rich with authentic Ottoman houses and medreses.
Ankara
(Gordion, Angora) is the capital of the Turkish Republic founded
by Mustafa Kemal Ataturk in 1923. This area shows evidence of habitants from the
Paleolithic Period of the Stone Age and since has been a major settlement to
different civilizations. The Museum of Anatolian Civilizations is the home to
many of the artifacts from the Hittites, Phrygians (King Midas' tomb), Lydians,
Romans, Greeks, Persians, Galatians, Seljuks, etc. Other points of interest are
the Museum of Ethnography, Augustus Temple, Column of Julian and Mausoleum of
Ataturk.
Antakya or Hatay (Antioch) was conquered by Alexander the Great in 333
B.C. After his death, his general, Seleucus Nikator declared it capital of
Syria. During the Roman Empire, it was the most important city following Rome
and Alexandria. The Hatay Museum has the finest collection of Roman mosaics in
the world. In a grotto near Antakya is where St. Peter preached for the first
time and it is believed to be the world's oldest church still in use today, St.
Peter's Church. The followers were called 'Christians' for the very first time.
In 1983 this cave church was declared a holy site by the Vatican.